What physiological change results from decreased elasticity of the lungs in the elderly?

The correct answer highlights that decreased elasticity of the lungs in the elderly results in an increase in residual lung volume. As people age, the elastic fibers in the lung tissues become stiffer and less compliant, which affects how the lungs expand and contract. This decrease in elasticity means that the lungs cannot fully expel air during exhalation, leading to a greater volume of air remaining in the lungs after expiration, known as residual lung volume.

Increased residual lung volume can contribute to several respiratory issues, such as impaired gas exchange and reduced efficiency in oxygen uptake. As the elastic recoil of the lungs diminishes, the ability to expel air appropriately is compromised, leaving a larger portion of air trapped. Understanding this physiological change is crucial for managing respiratory health in the elderly population, as it can influence the approach to treatment and care strategies in clinical settings.