Kyphosis is primarily characterized by which of the following features?

Kyphosis is primarily characterized by a hunchback appearance, which results from an abnormal curvature of the thoracic spine. This condition causes the spine to curve outward, leading to a prominent bulge in the upper back. The hunchback posture can affect an individual's balance, flexibility, and overall spinal health.

While vertebral disc compression and cartilage degeneration may play roles in various spinal disorders, they are not defining features of kyphosis itself. Lateral curvature of the spine is more indicative of scoliosis, which is a different spinal deformity characterized by a sideways curvature. Therefore, the most distinguishing feature of kyphosis is indeed the hunchback appearance.