In comparison to delirium, how is dementia characterized?

Dementia is characterized as a progressive and irreversible brain disease, which distinguishes it from delirium. Unlike delirium, which is typically acute and can be caused by various underlying medical conditions, medications, or substance use and often presents with rapid onset confusion that can be reversible, dementia develops gradually over time and involves the decline of cognitive function affecting memory, thinking, and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily life.

The progressive nature of dementia means that symptoms worsen over time, leading to significant impairment as the brain cells degenerate and die. This distinguishes it further from conditions like delirium that might present as an acute change in mental status but can often be resolved with proper medical intervention. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for effective assessment and management of individuals experiencing cognitive disturbances.